Cement



i Patented Dec. 18,1928. I

v 1 UNITED STATES cARLnToiv ELLIS,

1,695.63? PATENT OFFICE.

OF MONTOLAIR, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO CHADELOID OHEMTOAD COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.

CEMENT.

NcDrawing.

This invention relates to an adhesive or cement, which is unaffected by the action of water, acid fumes and the like, and to bodies joined thereby. This application is in major a part a continuation of application Serial No; 480,565, filed June 27, 1921 now "Patent 1,544,529, June 30 l925,and involves the use of chlorinated rubber as a base or constituent of adhesive compositions. The chlorination of the rubber ma be performed as stated in the prior case. a ove referred to, or other cases (now Patents 1,544,529 to 1,544,535 all issued June 30, 1925) as well as by other processes. These processesgenerally include 15,.treatment of rubber (I prefer to employ unvulcanized rubber), with chlorine, preferably under pressure, the chlorine preferably being in excess, and the chlorination being eflected at a temperature preferably below that at which any considerable amount of decomposition of rubber or chlorinated rubber would be effected. Solvents say CO1 or (3 H may be present. during such chlorination (e. g. in

a small amount, sufficient to soften the mass 5 and to dissolve the chlorinated rubber as formed) or not, as desired. The chlorinated rubber may also be prepared by other methods; n

Raw or crude-rubber when treated with a v '30 solvent such as benzol or carbon bisulfide,

swells greatly and eventually forms avery viscous solution containing a' very large proportion of solvent (andof course a very small proportion of rubber). This solventv does-not evaporate readily when exposed to the air, causingthe material to remain soft and tacky for long periods. If used as an I adhesive, e. g. as a cement for .belt laps,

7 etc. it is diiiicult to introduce suflicient of 40 thematerial owing to the great bulk of solvent, and no very great strength is dc-'- veloped because .of thesoft. nature of the .cementing film."-

Chlorinated rubber-such as is made by treating raw rubber with "chlorine, is, on the other hand, much more soluble in rubber- .solvents,;,;j(e. g. CS CS1 C,H,Cl,,, C H ff etc.) than-*the original rubber from which it 'was formed, especially in the case of the '50 more'highly chlorinated varieties. Solutions of chlorinated rubber, in say CCl containmeg-20% to 40% of the solid substance (chlorinated rubber) are not too viscous for the purposes of the; present invention.

Solutions of. the chlorinated rubber in the sizing with the solution 'the surfaces to evaporate readily from thin layers of chlo-' for use ascements it is preferable to use Application flled March 22, 1924. Serial No. 701,020.

solvents of course can readily be prepared by dissolving the chlorinatedrubber in the solvents. Thus 20 lbs. of chlorinated rubber containing'67% of combined chlorine can be dissolved in 80 lbs. of- (1C1 to produce a 20% solution of such chlorinated rubber. Or 40 lbs. of chlorinated rubber of the same (or other) chlorine content, dissolved in lbs. of, say, benzol, will give a 40%.solution' of the chlorinated rubber. Such solutions can be put up into suitable receptacles, as

cans, bottles, tubes, etc.,' in the'manner that glue, rubber cement etc, are put up. The packages of the product can be labeled and the adhesive can be employed in the usual manner of applying adhesives.

' There-is not claimed herein to be anything novelin the particular mode of preparing the cement or adhesive, nor' in the particular mode of applying the adhesive to the pieces to be joined. The feature of this disclosure which is regarded as the basis or kernel of the invention is my discovery of the possibility of using chlorinated rubber as the basis of adhesive compositions or gocements, which I claim to be new and a valuable addition to the art of adhesives.

'The use of solutions of such concentrations (20 to 40% of chlorinated rubber) obviates in -many cases the necessity of first 5 be cemented together, one coating being often suflicient to furnish all the adhesive necessary to form a strong bond. Solvents.

rinated rubber solutions, leaving a firm, tough, adhering film, requiring a minimum amount oftimeto set. I

Solutions of chlorinated rubber'containing' very high percentages of; the solid' (i. e. chlorinated rubber) say 30% to 40%or more, are well adapted for use as cements, and

'for this purpose may be troweled on, or

oured on and spread with a. paddle, etc.- hile. the use-of chlorinated raw, or crude, rubber, is greatly preferredin carrying out this invention, the employment of chlorinated vulcanized rubber or of chlorinated reclaimed rubber is not precluded.

I reparing chlorinated rubber solutions highly volatile solvents in order tolbring about rapid evaporation and consequent quick settmg of the cement. Such solvents as carbon bisulfide, and benzol are desirable, ire

- be utilized.

' toluidine,

'The more'highly chlorinated grades of chlorinated rubber containing 67% or more of combined chlorine possess the greatest solubility and are therefore desirable in some cases. In other instances the lower chlorinated varieties may'be preferred on account of theirgreater toughness and flexibility. All grades are unaffected by water and by .various corrosive agencies such as acid fumes, thus fitting them for use in cementing belts required to run under water and other joints where strength, flexiblity and water resistance are desirable.

The flexibility of the cement may be increased .by the addition of softeners. These substances, among which are camphor, triphenyl and tricresyl phosphates, diethyl phthalate, pentachlorethane and other solid solvents of chlorinated rubber, and semi-dr ingoils such as corn oil and peanut oil, may e present in various proportions, according to the degree of flexibility required. Preferably they are employed in amounts materially less than that of the chlorinated rubber.

Antacid material such as urea, aniline,

diphenylamine," phenylene diamine, etc., may be added to the solution in some instances. These are added to overcome and neutralize acidit that might develop after standing for a ong time.

en a cement such as described is used in the more concentrated forms, so' as to approach a utty-like consistency, a certain amount of siirinkage may become apparent, which is undesirable for some purposes,.as in cementing pipes, etc. This contraction or shrinkage may be largely eliminated by means of incorporating finely ground body? ing or extending agents. Examples of such mass.

materials are whiting, zinc oxide, barytes, litharge, silex, asbestos, talc, or ifheat resistanee is unnecessary, cotton, wool, wood flour, sawdust, and like materials. These are mixed with the chlorinated rubber solution so as to form a doughor putty-like Preferably they are used in a proportion larger than that of the chlorinated rubber, and may be present to as great an extent as 70% or more of the solvent free mixture.

this invention are chlorinated rubber prod-' ucts or chlorinated rubber derivatives which may contain other elements than simply chlorine, carbon and hydrogen in so far as such products function in a manner similar or analogous to true chlorinated rubber. Likewise in place of natural rubber artificial rubber maybe employed in some cases as a basis for halogeuation; or gutta percha, balata etc., may be utilized.

Bodies or art iclos whose surfaces are joined by a cement comprising chlorinated rubber may include leather, parts of shoes, furniture, wooden parts, press board, laminated material etc.

What I claim is 1. In the process of joining bodies the ste ies, a layer of an adhesive composition comprising as its essential constituent, a chlorinated rubber containing not substantially below 67% of chlorin, dissolved in a volatile solvent.

. 2. In the art of joining a plurality of bodies by adhesive eompos1tions,the hereindescribed improvement which comprises the step of applying to the surface of contact of said bodies, an adhesive composition comprising chlorinated rubber and a solvent therefor.

3. An adhesive composition comprising a solution of chlorinated rubber in a solvent for chlorinated rubber, in such proportions as to form an adhesive composition.

4. An adhesive composition comprising a solution of a chlorinated rubber the latter containing not substantially below 67% of combined chlorin, and a solvent therefor,

the 'chlo'rinated rubber being present in substantially solvent therefor.

CARLETON ELLIS. 

